While you don’t actually need to know the low level details of Wasm to build on the IC, I certainly wouldn’t discourage a deep dive into WebAssembly if you’re interested. For this Lin Clark’s talks are excellent, you can find a few links in this thread:
And re the terms you mentioned above, they’re really unrelated topics, but they’re equally interesting! For some info on the actor model there’s some good content here: https://forum.dfinity.org/t/introduction-to-the-actor-model/81?u=ori
And Wikipedia is worth a read for a quick overview of determinism: https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deterministic_algorithm