Concurrent transaction

Hi Team
I am using the construction APIs for generating a transaction and then submitting it on chain. I dont see any unique identifier like nonce in the payload. Hence i wanna understand how concurrent transaction are handle in ICP

Hi Kashif,

I’m not sure if this answers your question, but you can specify the created_at_time in transactions, which as defined in the ICRC-1 standard is used for transaction deduplication. I.e., if you e.g., send the same transfer twice, with the same created_at_time specified each time, the ledger will discard the second transaction as a duplicate. Without the created_at_time, no such deduplication will take place, resulting in the transaction effectively being executed twice. This is further elaborated on in Roman’s blog post.